Taeyoon Woo | 2026 I.S. Symposium
狈补尘别:听Taeyoon Woo
罢颈迟濒别:听Immune Dysregulation Linking Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus and Periodontal Disease: The Roles of Neutrophil Dysfunction and Cytokine Signaling in Pediatric Populations
惭补箩辞谤:听Biology
础诲惫颈蝉辞谤:听Seth Kelly
Periodontal disease is a chronic inflammatory condition that affects the periodontal tissues supporting the teeth and is becoming increasingly recognized as part of a broader oral-systemic inflammatory pathway. Patients with systemic inflammatory disorders, particularly Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus, show increased susceptibility to periodontal inflammation and tissue destruction. However, the underlying biological mechanisms linking metabolic dysregulation and periodontal disease remain incompletely understood, especially in pediatric populations. This study examines the immunological and microbiological mechanisms connecting T1DM with periodontal disease through a structured literature-based review. Peer-reviewed clinical studies, experimental animal models, and mechanistic reviews were analyzed to investigate how systemic metabolic dysfunction can alter immune regulation within periodontal tissues. Key findings from each study were organized into a comparative evidence table and analyzed to identify recurring patterns in neutrophil function, inflammatory cytokine signaling, and microbial changes associated with periodontal inflammation. Across studies, chronic hyperglycemia in T1DM was consistently associated with increased systemic inflammatory signaling, resulting in elevated levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines including IL-1尾, IL-6, IL-17, and TNF-伪, which disrupt normal immune regulation within periodontal tissues. These changes contribute to abnormal neutrophil activity, impaired bacterial clearance, oxidative stress, and prolonged inflammation. Several studies also reported alterations in the oral microbiome of diabetic individuals, including increased biofilm formation and greater prevalence of pathogenic bacteria. Together, these findings support a mechanistic model in which systemic metabolic inflammation in T1DM disrupts periodontal immune homeostasis through interconnected pathways involving cytokine dysregulation and neutrophil dysfunction.
Posted in Symposium 2026 on May 1, 2026.
